Does human beings have a duty to protect the natural environment Essay

Does individuals have an obligation to secure the regular habitat - Essay Example Air contamination involves the arrival of gases and particles into the climate, as per Harrison (2001) toxin gases incorporate carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide. The expansion in these gases in the air has been because of modern arrival of these gases and engine vehicle vapor, the utilization of fossil oils has a wellspring of vitality has added to the air contamination issue. At the point when these gases are discharged into the climate they influence the nature of air in towns and modern towns, Harrison (2001) states that a portion of the wellbeing threats that air contamination presents incorporate nose, eye and throat aggravation, bronchitis, pneumonia, lung malignancy, asthma and heart sicknesses. These ailments cause high wellbeing expenses and lower efficiency in the work environment. The main arrangement is to build up evaluation of air contamination which will decide the sum and kind of contamination, after appraisal air poisons ought to be resolved and suitable measures to diminish contamination attempted. As of now numerous countries have set up strategies and instruments to forestall air contamination, in the event that people don't control contamination, at that point there will be no guidelines overseeing air contamination and along these lines the event of the infections referenced will build, this implies the death rate will increment because of passings related with the sicknesses. In this manner it is obvious that individuals have a task to carry out in securing the earth whereby by forestalling air contamination sicknesses are decreased and lives spared. Radioactivity contamination issue: This type of contamination includes the arrival of radioactive material to nature, Kolbert (2006) states that this type of contamination spreads quickly to a huge territory and may keep going for a long time whereby it influences creatures and plants for an extensive stretch of time, this type of contamination represents a wellbeing risk whereby it causes ceaseless maladies and malignancy. Radioactive contamination is because of human action which incorporates testing of atomic weapons, creation of atomic materials and mishaps coming about because of atomic force creation. In this manner it is obvious that human action is the primary supporter of atomic contamination, the impacts of this type of contamination may keep going for a long time and subsequently groups the most serious peril to human and vegetation through maladies, for example, malignancy and other incessant illnesses. People are answerable for this type of contamination and subsequently have a job in shielding the earth from this type of contamination. Soil contamination issues: Soil contamination happens because of the utilization of pesticides, oil dumping, modern squanders, spillage by underground tanks and substantial metal defilement. Soil contamination presents wellbeing dangers and debasement of rural soils. The significant worry in substantial metal debased soils is that plants will take up these overwhelming metals and items devoured by people are polluted with these metals. At the point when human movement results into the corruption of soils the dirts free their profitability and yields decrease, a decrease underway methods a decrease in the food created and along these lines

Dch Logistics

DCH Logistics Planning for La Cafetiere What are the benefits of having a fortified Warehouse and how might it help in doing worldwide business? A Bonded Warehousing can be characterized as capacity, control, or further assembling of dutiable merchandise in a structure or other made sure about region without the installment of obligation on it. Bit of leeway: Goods can remain in a fortified distribution center for a boundless timeframe, and no import obligations and VAT should be paid until the second they are really brought into free dissemination in the EU, e. g. o be shipped to a client. †You get the conceivable suspension of certain exchange arrangement measure (permit, ID, †¦ ) †You get a huge money advantage, in light of the fact that the expenses and charges are payable just when merchandise are discharged for utilization, †Your seriousness is expanded on account of re-fare to third nations, since levies have not influenced the cost.Customs obligations and VAT at import are just paid in the nation of goal, and twofold installment is stayed away from - Goods kept in fortified stockroom are utilized as guarantee security for bank credit. Products kept in reinforced distribution center are sheltered and are liberated from the dread of being taken or harmed. Every one of those preferences are helpful to do worldwide business What are the regular coordinations issues looked by global organizations? Basic strategic issues that global organizations regularly need to adapt to : * Late conveyance * Bad or poor foundation in certain nations: to get the products, street, hardboard†¦ * Environmental/policy centered issues in the host nation, Regional exchange understandings * Legal : exchange guideline & standars Trade security instruments, Tariffs , Quotas, Voluntary fare limitation, Local substance prerequisites, Health/natural guidelines, Government obtainment strategies * Customs systems and guidelines just as cross-fringe focuse s framework and activities * Quality administration is frequently done in the starting point nation which lead to high vehicle cost * Cultural distinction * Lack of business arrange when creating on another market * Currency dangers What advantages can La Cafetiere get from DCH Logistics?DCH realize how to manage Chinese market, have involvement in universal exchange; parcel of present day stockrooms and foundations, dissemination focus and fortified distribution centers.. Offering likewise bundling administrations In Xinhui LC along with a variety of follow up game plans, including quality control, warehousing, stock, shipment transportation and deals reactions. Kuk was attempting to think of an appealing answer for La Cafetipre’s late conveyance issues. What's more he needed to clarify the advantages of an answer including DCH Logistics.La Cafetiere can get profits by DCH Logistics since one the one hand the Chinese market is becoming rapidly and then again, this market rel ate flawlessly to the system of La Cafetiere who needs to propose new items, adjusted to this new market. In addition, these days, China is a cross exchange place where all nations come so as to work together. It’s today a main issue for the assembling and the exchanging on account of the work and the monetary intensity of this country.Basically, what a 3PL can bring to an organization is the chance to concentrate on their center competency, in oder to accomplish better quality, time the board, and diminish the Total expense of responsibility for item. Here DCH coordinations offer to la cafetiere to deal with the execution of offices on the Asian market so as to lessen their conveyance time, particularly with regards to turn around coordinations since quality administration is worked in UK. At that point DCH likewise offer La cafetiere a capacity arrangement with the reinforced warehousing cap will permit la cafetiere to sets aside on stock/stockpiling cost/offices execution. By and large we can say that DCH is bringing La cafetiere chances to build up their market in Asia, permitting them to keep on delivering top of the line products, and to create in another region, without encountering the â€Å"starting up† issue that are connection to new usage, for example, : * Warehouse execution * Reverse coordinations issue * Tax on make merchandise * Business organize Reputation in the new nation What ought to DCH Logistics do to build up its business further? DCH is a 3PL, which implies that the system they work in a specific territory is their principle resources, beside their experience and notoriety, that is their â€Å"Trust insurance† for organization that need to actualize in the region â€Å"mastered† by the 3PL. Here DCH is truly all around incorporated in the Asian business organize, and have built up their foundation in vital area.They offer fortified warehousing for their customer, business system and offices: * Distribution f ocus * Packaging administrations * Stock administration and offices. These are the 3 primary choice DCH are offering, in the event that they need to build up their business, there is a great deal of administrations they can raise to their future customer. A. Increment their scope of arrangement. 1. Coordinations of Transport : Invest and build up a product that can esign best course for transport in the zone they are working, which will be sold as a â€Å"Solution for transport† to the organizations they are working with. In a similar thought, they can choose to put resources into Transport resources, for example, truck, or cross docking stage, which will permit them to offered the absolute vehicle coordinations to an organization that is eager to build up its business in the specific zone, or only a piece of the vehicle, since they will have divided the chain of transport into various degree of arrangement. 2.Reverse coordinations: Build a framework that adapt to global stan dard of value, that offer the converse coordinations arrangement, for example, : * Fluctuating item (come back from customers, reparation) * Eco-Treatment of unusable item (reusing) * Partnership with other producer to exchange some portion of the item that are re-usable. * Platform of value the board committed to the accomplice for introducing their quality administration so as to diminish transport cost and conveyance time. B. Actualize their business in an alternate zone. . For example, Europe, since they can work with la cafetiere they will be permitted to assemble data about the manner in which European are working and can raise a contextual investigation of â€Å"Is working with European is justified, despite all the trouble ? † 2. Joined State, since it’s the center business zone of the world, and furthermore on the grounds that enterprise is amazingly evolved in this specific region, firing up organization frequently need to re-appropriate a piece of their coor dinations, since they have to concentrate on their center competency so as to pick up piece of the overall industry.

Monteverdi to Mozart 1600-1800

Monteverdi to Mozart 1600-1800 The less learned cannot fail to be pleased, though without knowing why. -Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart *     *     * I took classical piano lessons for 14 years, played the trumpet in concert band for eight years, grew up with a classical music-loving mother, and now live with a classical music-loving group. My neighbors are members of concert choir and the chamber chorus. Im also an Arts Scholar, which means that I get to go listen to concerts in Boston for free. In other words: Ive had a lot of exposure to music composed between 1600-1800. Ive listened to, or played, music by Monteverdi and Hayden and Mozart and Bach and Handel and Haydn. But Ive never  studied it. I am completely aware (and a bit embarrassed) that if you pinned me against a wall, forced an earbud into my external auditory meatus, hit play on your iPod, and yelled WHO COMPOSED THIS PIECE OF 1600-1800 MUSIC ?!?! I wouldnt be able to answer unless I actually knew the song. I certainly wouldnt be able to say ah, well, I hear this technique and that technique, so it must be Mozart. I couldnt tell you off the top of my head how to distinguish between any of the composers I just listed above. And at a concert, I think the most intelligent thing I could say is ah, thats pretty! (Theres nothing wrong with saying a piece is pretty but Ive always wished that I could say more. Id like to recognize the techniques and characteristics that make a piece distinct.) 21M.235 (Monteverdi to Mozart: 1600-1800) is part of a 4-class series: 21M.220 Early Music (early Middle Ages until the end of the Renaissance), 21M.235 Monteverdi to Mozart (1600-1800), 21M.250 Beethoven to Mahler (1800-1910), and 21M.260 Stravinsky to the Present. If I had my way, Id take all of them as a grand tour through the highlights of western music. My senior year of high school, one of my favorite classes (if not my favorite class) was AP Art History, which was super hard but made me a much happier human being. Buildings looked familiar! They had characteristics I could recognize and identify with a particular movement or location or time period. Its like learning to recognize the constellations and their mythological stories: everywhere you go, you see familiar friendly faces that you can say something about, and which recall stories. If I had my way. But class time at MIT is limited, and its too late for me to take all of those classes. So Ill have to settle with 21M.235 this semester, and maybe 21M.250 next semester. By the way, I should mention that 21M.235 is a HASS-A.  MITs HASS requirement means that, on average, every student needs to take one humanities, arts, or social sciences class per semester. The requirement addresses depth (each student must fulfill a concentration) as well as breadth (each student must take one Arts class, designated HASS-A, one Humanities class, designated HASS-H, and one Social Science class, designated HASS-S). Three highlights from the class so far: 1) Playing the organ in Kresge Auditorium 2) Playing a harpsichord 3) Showing off by taking a test *     *     * 1) Playing the organ in Kresge Auditorium This is not a performance class, but most of my classmates are musicians, which isnt surprising for any class of MIT students, much less for a class that has music-reading ability as a prerequisite. This class trains us to listen to a piece of music, and discuss it in many dimensions. One of the most obvious dimensions so obvious I usually forget about it is the instrument the piece was written for. The harpsichord, for example, cannot sustain a note. You hit a key, it goes bing! and thats it. A note is a binary thing: its on, or its off. It doesnt make sense to talk about dynamics. In total contrast, the piano can sustain notes, and how hard you press is correlated to how loud the sound is. This completely changes the set of effects you can achieve through writing notes on a page. Professor Neff is very fond of organ music, so during Week II of class (Organ Music, Oratorio and Cantata) she took us to MITs Kresge Auditorium and played the organ for us. Heres a picture of the Kresge organ: It was built in the 1950s; the largest of the silver tubes is 32 feet long (THIRTY TWO FEET LONG. THIRTY TWO!) and the shortest ones are six inches long. Its hard to tell from the picture, but there are wooden flaps (called slats) against the wall behind the organ. The organist uses a pedal to control whether these flaps are open or closed, and in so doing controls the color of the sound. The organ is off to the side of the auditorium, at the front near the stage, and air is pushed through the pipes using an electric motor.  In a Baroque church, the organ would have been at the back, and an instrument this size would have required 6-10 small children to essentially run on a 17th century Stairmaster to keep air flowing through the pipes this made achieving a consistent sound really hard. Prof. Neff led us up through a narrow stairwell to the organ. I sat down, and played a few chords. It was very  empowering. Views from the organ: If you want the privilege of an expertly-guided tour of Kresges organ, I strongly suggest taking 21M.235. 2) Playing a harpsichord One class, Prof. Neff brought in an internationally-renowned French Horn harpsichord player. We spent the hour and a half class block with her in Killian Auditorium. She alternated between talking about the history of harpsichords, and performing for us. I dont think Id ever actually witnessed someone playing the harpsichord; Ive just seen harpsichords in museums. There are references to harpsichords in records dating as early as 1397. It rose to popularity in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, and died out around 1812. There exists, however, a small and tight-knit international community of harpsichord enthusiasts: our guests teacher actually re-quills his harpsichords by hand, which involves cutting up goose feathers and trimming them to exactly the right size. An expert named Mark Lindley has a website about harpsichord temperaments (methods of tuning) he travels the world and crashes with lots of harpsichordists. If you want to build harpsichords, she said, you have to be pretty OCD. She told us that a couple of years ago there was an MIT student who spent a lot of time in the Hobby Shop building a harpsichord; not sure what came of that project. MIT has three harpsichords on campus. Theres an Italian, which we purchased in 2011 but which was ruined by water a month ago. Theres a single French in 4-364 (a classroom) and a double French, which is the one we were playing with in Killian Auditorium. If you want to become a harpsichord master, come to Boston, because we are very lucky in Boston to have a world-renowned keyboard-restorer. Someone at BU leaned on an instrument and it fell to the floor and shattered into a million pieces, but this keyboard-restorer put it back together. Those crazy BU kids. Our guest began in England with William Byrd. He was extremely skilled and popular, so he got to be 1) Catholic and 2) survive, no mean feat for someone living in England around 1600. She played a piece that people would sing while an unfortunate individual was being led to the gallows, and I admit that the context makes it difficult to store the piece in my cabinet of Fond Memories. Without knowing the context, though, I thought it was beautiful. Unfortunately, we didnt spend long in England, and moved right along to Italy. She played two toccatas by Frescobaldi, who was slightly younger than Byrd and a star all over Europe. Personally, I way preferred the Byrd, which is possibly my nine-years-living-in-England speaking but more likely just the fact that Frescobaldis music has no obvious organization to it. It was supposed to be very improvisatory, and the sections of the piece operate completely independently of each other. Directionless music makes hard listening. From Italy, we went to France: Méditation sur ma morte future by Froburger (if you dont know French, that title means: meditation on my future death. Cheerful stuff!), a wild piece whose title I failed to write down, a chaconne by Louis Couprin, and an unmeasured prelude by Élizabeth Jacquet de la Guerre. The score of the wild Couprin piece made a strong impression on me (she showed us the original score) it looked like Couprin wrote a whole bunch of whole notes down (each note was represented by an empty circle) then tried to play connect the dots between the staffs. There were manic arcs from each note up to a note on a higher staff. Very bizarre. If someone handed me that to play, I would start banging my fists on the keyboard. We also learned that one can purchase a little apartment harpsichord: the harpsichord equivalent of an upright piano. Tempting! Dorm room accessory, anyone? 3) Showing off by taking a test Tests in this class consist of 3 sections: (1) Defining vocabulary terms, (2) Identifying a piece composer genre by listening to a 30-45 second segment, (3) Writing a short essay. Professor Neff is kind enough to provide us with all the possibilities beforehand, so its a matter of systematically going through the study guide and achieving familiarity with everything on it. For those interested or particularly musically inclined, below is the study guide for our most recent exam: Terms: Concerto Concerto grosso Ritornello form Ripieno Sonata (or concerto)  da chiesa Trio sonata Sonata (or concerto) da camera Suite Binary Form Gradus ad Parnassum Canzona Fortspinnung Deceptive cadence Pio Ospedale della Pietà Oratorio Da capo Aria Charles Jennens Cantata Erdmann Neumeister Chorale / Chorale Cantata acciaccatura Empfindsamkeit Be able to identify each of these pieces from a 30-45 second excerpt, and write some intelligent things about it: Arcangelo Corelli: Sonata da chiera, op. 3, no. 11 Sonata de camera, op. 4, no. 2 Henry Purcell: Fantasy 7 in C Minor Canzona from Sonatas of III Parts, No. 3 George Frideric Handel Concerto grosso in B-flat, op. 6, no. 7 Rodelinda, Vivi, tiranno! Israel in Egypt (Nos. 4, 6-9) Johann Sebastian Bach Prelude and Fugue in C Major, Well-Tempered Clavier, Bk. 1 Durch Adams Fall Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland, BWV 61 (overture, Nos. 2-5) Ein feste Burg, BWV 80 (Nos. 1, 2, 5, 8) Art of the Fugue, Contrapunctus XIV (fuga a 3 soggetti) Vivaldi Four Seasons La Primavera Domenico Scarlatti Sonata in E, K. 264 C.P.E. Bach Sonata No. 1 in F (Prussian) Possibilities for essay prompts: Outline the rise of tonality and its relation to the Circle of Fifths Place the following composers in chronological order and list highlights from their careers and works: Arcangelo Corelli, Antonio Vivaldi, George Frideric Handel, JS Bach, Domenico Scarlatti Discuss the rise of the concerto in two ways: via Corelli and via Marcello, culminating in examples by Vivaldi, Handel, and Bach Label the score of the Canzona from Henry Purcells Sonatas of III Parts, no. 3 in D minor with the correct terms (subject, countersubject, episode, stretto, and pedal/pedal point). Richard Taruskin presents Bach as a traditionalist and as one of the universal synthesists. Using the French Suite No. 5 in G major by JS Bach, outline how Bachs suite supports this description of the composer. It is so. cool. to look over a study sheet and realize that you could define any of those terms, recognize any of those pieces, and write a paragraph or two in response to any of those essay prompts. Particularly when you started the semester unsure if you could name a five pieces composed between 1600 and 1800. And particularly  when youre majoring in physics and minoring in astronomy, plan to go onto graduate school in astrophysics, and realize that the opportunity to become versed in Baroque classical music is very precious indeed.

Primary Source Analysis Example - 991 Words

Primary Source Analysis: Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points The source is a speech delivered by Woodrow Wilson on January 8th 1918; the speech was delivered among Woodrow’s fellow congressmen in the American congress. However, the speech was not written purely by Wilson, During World War I, Walter Lippmann became an adviser to President Woodrow Wilson and assisted in the drafting of the speech. The several points covered in Wilson’s speech aimed to resolve territorial issues in Europe, as well as improving post-war American diplomacy. To achieve this Wilson supported the League of Nations which was set up following the end of war. The speech therefore was not focused purely for American congress, but instead the International stage. The†¦show more content†¦Wilson’s fourteen points summarise the quest for international cooperation in achieving and maintaining peace. However, this can be questioned as the first paragraph also suggests a self-centred approach taken by Wilson. The speech suggests that the USA is the only ones with the capacity to achieve such peace, the programme of the worlds peace, therefore, is our programme; and that programme, the only possible programme. It reflects a world view and hierarchy, suggesting one big American alliance rather than an idea of international cooperation. This is also further illustrated on in Wilson’s speech, his concern for the safety of the USA is key in the way he treats countries such as Russia and Germany, and his disagreement with some of the terms in the Treaty of Versailles. In point six of the speech when dealing with Russia it talks of securing the best and freest cooperation of the other nations of the world. Wilson was careful in how he achieved peace, as he wanted to maintain relationships with countries within Europe, whilst keeping USA dominance ad not upsetting France and Clemenceau who wanted harsh treatment of Germany. This is illustrated in point eight of Wilson’s fourteen points. Overall, the speech delivered by WoodrowShow MoreRelatedPrimary Sources Of Primary Research1231 Words   |  5 Pages1. Primary research, or research using primary sources, is first hand data and / or resources. In other words researchers are collecting data themselves. Primary sources are also examples of primary research; for example, when writing an essay on the Roman Empire, a diary or painting of that time is a primary source (also called the original source or original evidence) it has not been altered and is the closest real source information to the topic. Secondary research on the other hand involvesRead MoreThe Importance Of Some Research Terminology From 5 Parts : Action Research1337 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant part in Master study, which was composed by variety parts such as action research, case study, context, etc. This essay will discuss and analysis the importance of some research terminology from 5 parts: action research, case study, primary sources, secondary sources and multidiscipline. Besides, it will explain the meaning and give some examples for each part. Action Research Action research is a disciplined process of inquiry conducted by and for those taking the action. (Richard SagorRead MoreInnovation Through Source Analysis For The Classroom1305 Words   |  6 PagesInnovation through Source Analysis If teachers want to revolutionize the way that history or social studies is taught in the classroom, they must move away from the idea that history is a series of facts that need to be taught to students. Instead of simply giving students the answers to historical questions, teachers must impart the practice of historical inquiry to their students. This ability to think like a historian allows students to be active participants in all history lessons. Such aRead MoreAnalysis Of Bernal Diazs Seven Myths Of The Spanish Conquest829 Words   |  4 PagesAztecs. On the other hand, Diaz portrays Spaniards as kind and were the ones who brought civilization and awakening to the Aztecs. Furthermore, the author demonstrates that Spaniards were basically ordained to use violent force against the Aztecs. For example, Diaz details the encounter between Montezuma and Cortes. He was away from Cortes and Montezuma and could not see or hear what happened but he writes that Cortes proposed Montez uma his right hand, which was understood by Diaz as a symbol of hospitablenessRead MoreHistory IA on Slavery1380 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿To what extent did the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 weaken political unification between the North and South through 1865? C. Evaluation of Sources Equal Protection and the African American Constitutional Experience (2000) is a compilation of over a hundred primary source documents. The primary sources (legislation, letters, testimony and more) were compiled, edited and analyzed by Robert P. Green, a â€Å"distinguished professor† who claims a Masters in United States History, a Bachelors in HistoryRead MoreMethodology Adopted for Study about Leasing Business in Mauritius860 Words   |  3 Pagesamong the Mauritian population possessing a vehicle. 4.1 Research Process According to Kotler (1996), research is the systematic collection, analysis, reporting of data and findings relevant to a specific situation. This research has involved five steps: ï‚ § Formulating the research problem ï‚ § Developing the research plan ï‚ § Collecting the information ï‚ § Analysis and interpretation of data ï‚ § Presentation of findings 4.2 Formulating research problem The goal with this research has been to investigateRead MoreQualitative And Quantitative Methods Of A Humanitarian Crisis Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesCollection, collation, analysis, and synthesis of qualitative and quantitative information, gathered together and analysed using suitable sources, tools, and methods is the cornerstone of quick needs an identification that allows decision makers to plan a timely, suitable and organized emergency response. In these methods when obligation a needs evaluation, a combination of several types and sources of data is important to build a good image of the affected population. In this study sources include bothRead MoreCelebrity Endorsement On Consumer Behaviour1619 Words   |  7 PagesI am also going to be looking at celebrity endorsement and the affect it has on consumption in the retail industry. 2. Main Research Question Does Celebrity Endorsement Influence Consumer Behaviour and Purchasing Decisions? 3. Example Relevant sub-questions †¢ Examples of when consumers have been influenced by a certain celebrity or icon, to determine the consumption of a product. †¢ How celebrity endorsement has affected sales statistically through the use of a marketing campaign †¢ The use of controversialRead MoreResearch Statistics and Psychology Essay1012 Words   |  5 Pageswriting an elaboration of how research and statistics are utilized in psychology is revealed. Furthermore, the how and why of such components are expounded herein and a detailed look at primary and secondary data are exposed. Research, statistics, primary, and secondary data are imperative in psychological analysis. Implementing each of these variants in psychological research may prove beneficial to the researcher when properly appropriated in psychological exploration. In that regard, this discussionRead MoreHealth And Social Care Research1505 Words   |  7 Pagesmethod involves quantitative information. For example measuring changes in the body and analysing blood or urine samples. Body mass index is used to measure height and weight to distinguish whether an individual is a healthy weight. Quantitative research also involves: -How many times something happens in a given period of time, normally expressed as per minute, per hour and per day. -How many individuals there are in a particularly category for example those with the disease and those without the

Policy Analysis of the Older Americans Act of 1965 Essay

Eligibility Criteria and Beneficiaries The OAA is generally for older adults aged sixty and above. The persons need to be in real need of the services. The person may be as low as age fifty five; Title V provides support for part-time employment for individuals aged fifty five and over that earn a low income and have poor employment possibilities. Individuals included in the Act are American Indians, Native Alaskan Americans, Native Hawaiian Americans, tribal organizations, and persons with disabilities. The Act focuses on providing services to the individuals of this country who are in the greatest economic need. State and local government agencies, as well as nonprofit organizations and institutions are eligible according to the Act†¦show more content†¦Younger generations still have people discriminating against the elderly in the workplace. In the fiscal year 2010, (O’Shaughnessy, 2012) only about 5.1%, or 3 million people, out of the 57.8 million people age sixty and over, received services funded by the Act. These services included home delivered meals, home care, personal care, or case management services on a regular or intensive basis. About 14%, 8 million people, received other services, such as transportation, congregate meals, or information and assistance on a not so regular basis. A report was made by the Government Accountability Office stating that their findings were that many older people are in need of meals and other supportive services to help remain independent in their own communities, but a large portion of them are not getting the help they are in need of. Some barriers causing this lack of help are lack of funding and lack of knowledge among the older Americans that they may be eligible for benefits and services can be available for them. According to an article written by Sam Kennedy (Kennedy, 2014), the Lehigh Valley lost jobs this past February for the first time in about four years. This pushed some long-term unempl oyed persons andShow MoreRelatedEeo Research Paper1158 Words   |  5 Pagesopportunity (EEO) is the concept that all individuals should have equal treatment in all employment-related actions. Several basic EEO concepts have been applied as a result of court decisions, laws, and regulatory actions. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was the first federal law designed to protect most U.S. employees from employment discrimination based upon the employee’s (or applicant’s race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. (Public Law 88-352, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 253, 42 U.SRead MoreElderly Population In America. Growth And Development Is1706 Words   |  7 Pageshighest population of elderly people. According to the Population Reference Bureau report, Americans ages 65 and older has projected to increase more than double from 46 million today to over 98 million by 2060, and the 65-and-older age group’s share of the total population will rise to nearly 24 percent from 15 percent (Mark Mather). The rapid growth of the older population in the United States will be daring to policy makers and programs such as Social Security and Medicare. It will also affect familiesRead MoreDr. Harold Schlender : Aging Experience And The First One1685 Words   |  7 Pagesin every person. Older people have a tendency to have more illnesses and disabilities than younger people. There are various changes that go along with aging and they are more than just changes in health. Social influences an older person s risk and experience of illness. Physicians frequently conduct a social history to aid them and other associates of the health care team evaluate an individual care, needs and social support. Physicians use the social history to aid the older person and any caregiversRead MoreMedicare : Medicare And Medicaid1426 Words   |  6 Pagesmonitor contractors and state agency to ensure the proper administration of Medicare and Medicaid. CMS establishes policies for the provider reimbursements, researches healthcare management and treatments, and continually asses the quality of facilities and services. Medicare was created by a Congressional act in 1965 to provide medical insurance to the elderly (those 65 years and older). In 1972 Medicare was expanded to provide benefits to persons with disabilities and ESRD. As of 2015 Medicare providesRead MoreEssay on Issues with Financin Medicare2558 Words   |  11 PagesIssues in Financing Medicare Background With the rising number of uninsured Americans, health care has been a major issue in the United States. Due to â€Å"The Great Recession† and the growing number of Americans who found themselves unemployed, the number of uninsured Americans has rose from 46.6 million in 2005 to a record number of 50.7 million in 2010. Many of these uninsured again have lost their employee health insurance benefits or they made the decision to cut their health insurance justRead MoreEssay about The Many Benefits of Affirmative Action2038 Words   |  9 Pagesnational origin. (1) The act did not mandate quotas, only discrimination-free employment practices. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 broadened this policy. Title IV declared that No person in the United States shall, on the grounds of race, color or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance. The subject of first quotas arose in 1965, when President Johnson gaveRead MoreThe U.S. Automobile Manufacturing Industry2919 Words   |  12 PagesExternal Remote/macro-environment Analysis: Socio-cultural, Technological, Economy, Environmental/Ecological, Political, Legal (STEEPDG) The US automobile manufacturing industry includes about 200 companies with combined annual revenue of about $250 billion. Major companies are GM, Ford, and Chrysler (which is controlled by Italy s Fiat). The industry is highly concentrated: the top three companies account for more than 90 percent of revenue. Selling the Vision Most US auto manufacturers haveRead MoreEmployee Welfare Programs4038 Words   |  17 Pageswelfare programs, the social security act, the worker’s compensation program, and the unemployment compensation program. All three social welfare programs came into existence at about the same time. Many American’s lives have been changed dramatically by the administration of these programs. Therefore, the thesis statement for this research paper is: Without the inception of social security, workers’ compensation, and unemployment compensation, many American citizens would be in financial ruin andRead MoreEssay on We Cannot Permit Infringements on Privacy3923 Words   |  16 PagesComputers do not threaten personal privacy, though, nor violate any right granted to Americans: the word privacy does not appear in the Constitution, nor does the phrase right to privacy. As Americans, we have assumed a protection of personal information, but no laws prohibit any parties from utilizing technology in a profiting, benefiting or malicious way. The issue of personal privacy should alarm Americans to focus on established privacy in America, infringements on privacy and efforts aiming

On December 31 1896, a large seagoing tug called the Commodore set sail for the open sea Free Essays

On December 31 1896, a large seagoing tug called the Commodore set sail for the open sea. Author Stephen Crane was on-board as a war correspondent at the time. During the trip the vessel ran aground a couple of times, this damaged the hull of the ship. We will write a custom essay sample on On December 31 1896, a large seagoing tug called the Commodore set sail for the open sea or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Commodore was eighteen miles from land when the damaged hull gave way and was swamped with water. Stephen Crane and three other men managed to escape in a lifeboat. The short story â€Å"The Open Boat† is a fictional story based on his real-life account of what happened during that fateful time. Through the use of symbolic language, metaphors and irony, Stephen Crane allows us to experience what had happened during that crisis and how the people involved came together to fight for survival out in the open sea. Writers, often use these three elements of literature, in order to make their audience react to the story they are telling. They set the tone, give of the plot and setting, and give images of what is happening to the character or characters in the story. First let us look at how Stephen Crane uses symbolic language in the story of â€Å"The Open Boat†. Symbolic language is used in the â€Å"The Open Boat† to set the tone or the mood, as well as, the setting of the story and gives us insight to the hopeless feeling the men were experiencing while trying to survive after being shipwrecked. For example, â€Å"As each slaty wall of water approached, it shut all else from the view of the men in the boat, and it was not difficult to imagine that this particular wave was the final outburst of the ocean, the last effort of the grim water. † He describes the color of the sea as a â€Å"slaty wall of water†. Slaty is the color of slate, which is a dark and murky grayish blue color, is used to describe the sea. Dark colors are used often by writers to give the audience a feeling of danger, the unknown and forbidding. Used in this content, we see the men being surrounded and isolated by the dark water, which has obstructed their view of their surroundings and is now their enemy during the entire trip towards land. Another example in the same sentence is â€Å"the last effort of the grim water†, which illustrates or symbolizes the life and death struggle that went on between the men and the elements of the dark, relentless and uncaring ocean. One can image the ocean as the grim reaper doing battle with the four men, who are by now isolated from all civilization and are fighting helplessly against the elements of the vast ocean, which seems to want to swallow them up. This is a frightening image or symbol of death that is ever present during their struggle to reach land. The second element of literature that Stephen Crane used was metaphors. A metaphor is a figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as if it were another. In other words a metaphor compares two things that are dissimilar but suggests a likeness between them. For example, Stephen Crane wrote, † A seat in his boat was not unlike a seat upon a bucking bronco†. One can image how the men, in their tiny dinghy, were being tossed about violently upon the waves of the ocean just like a cowboy on a bucking bronco at a rodeo. Another example, which is one of my favorite metaphors in this story, is the phrase â€Å"to nibble the sacred cheese of life†. Life being precious and not to be taken lightly was a gift. This lesson was learned early on in the story by the four men during their trip towards safety. They came this far and fate was dangling their life in front of them. At this moment would their lives be taken away from them or they will survive this ordeal as each wave threatens to topple their tiny craft over. This again strongly emphasizes that life and nature is seldom fair and is often cruel and uncaring. The third element of literature used by Stephen Crane is irony. Irony is a situation or statement characterized by a significant difference between what is expected or understood and what actually happens or is meant. The four men found themselves shipwrecked and slowly made it towards land. Once near land, the people on shore spotted them. The people on land thought that the four occupants were out at sea purposely and did not realize the peril they were in. They waved to the four men, who were hanging on for dear life and never bothered to question why they were there. One would think that if a lighthouse were nearby that someone would scan the ocean occasionally, especially if a report of a shipwreck was reported off their shore several miles away. Another ironic situation was the fate of the oiler and the cook. The oiler rowed the boat most of the time and he also was the strongest swimmer and yet he died. Whereas the cook, who did nothing except bail water and was very portly, survived the ordeal. This again shows how unfair life can be. In the story of â€Å"The Open Boat†, Stephen Crane uses symbolic language, metaphors, and irony to give us a colorful and suspenseful story of four shipwrecked men out at sea. By using these elements of literature, we feel their anxiety and hopelessness as they struggled to survive against the ocean and her inhabitants. The theme man verses nature is one of the main themes of this story and gives us a good look at how uncaring and often cruel nature really is. How to cite On December 31 1896, a large seagoing tug called the Commodore set sail for the open sea, Papers

The Commonwealth Bank accused of money - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss aboutThe Commonwealth Bank accused of money. Answer: Corporate Legal Issues faced by Crown Resorts: It is the duty of the directors of corporate enterprises to act in the best interest of the company. According to the provisions of Section 180 (1) of the Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) the directors and other officials of the company are instructed to take due care and diligence in relation to their operational activities. In this regard, a hypothetical person has been appointed as a director in order to evaluate the depth of such care and diligence and thereby the reasonability is analyzed keeping in mind the depth of the decision[1]. The decision taken must be according to the interests of the company. In a recent case of ASIC v Cassimatis[2], it was held hat in any condition a reasonable director will not cause breach of the provisions of law. It is mandatory to follow the law of the land and failure to do to will give rise to serious consequences. The shareholders in general do not have the authority to ratify the acts mentioned above. In the given scenario, the directors of crown s ports have violated statutory provisions by sending various agents to China for the recruitment of high roller gamblers[3]. Gambling is highly illegal in China. The government of China took reasonable steps to arrest the employees of the organization which also included Australians. There has been a decline in the shares of the organization by 14% which subjected to major loss which was faced by the company and its shareholders. In this regard it can be observed that the reputation of the company suffered huge loss as a result of its actions. In the given scenario, the legal issues of any corporate which have been faced by the directors of Crown Resorts Ltd are as a result of the director duties that have been violated by them. The directors as mentioned above have breached the provisions of the Section 180 (1) of the Corporation Act 2001 by not acting with care and diligence concerning the business of the company. Role of ASIC: The Australian Investment and Security Commission is an independent government body in Australia whose purpose is associated with the regulation of companies and securities. The duty of the Australian Investment and Security Commission is to keep records on the affairs of corporate enterprises. The AISC is involved in the regulation of financial services, integrated corporate, market and consumer credit regulators in Australia[4]. The commission since time immemorial has targeted economic growth by allowing the markets to fund economy. In order to ensure the financial stability in Australia, the AISC has played significant role. The AISC have proved to be beneficial in promoting the level of confidence and trust among consumers and investors, ensuring efficiency of markets by providing proper registration services in the long run. The ASIC has played significant role in bringing action against the organizations which failed to act ethically and legally and thereby caused serious loss to the investors and creditors. If any violation has been identified in any case, then in such cases the ASIC seeks orders like financial penalties and suspension of directors. In the given scenario, it can be observed that the employees of Crown Resorts have been arrested in China due to the illegal activities committed by it[5]. In this context, it is the role of ASIC to investigate into the matter seriously. In this regard, it can be stated that such decision taken by the directors may cause serious loss to the company including its investors and creditors. It is the duty of Australian Investment and Security Commission to make investigation into the matter in cases where any company is registered with the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) has been accused of violating the provisions of law. In the given scenario, if it comes to the findings of ASIC that the directors of Crown Resort have violated their duties of corporation it will seek reasonable action against the company in Au stralia. Possible Remedies: If it comes to the knowledge of ASIC upon proper investigation that the directors of Crown Resort have actually involved in illegal activities and therefore various remedies are available according to the provisions of the Corporation Act 2001. The violation of duties of directors as provided in the Corporation Act 2001 is a civil penalty provision. In this regard, the directors can be prosecuted under criminal liability under the criminal code according to the provisions of Section 61, if it is found that they have violated the provisions of Section 184 of the Corporation Act 2001 which is to recklessly breach the duties as contained in Section 180 to 183 of the Corporation Act 2001. The provisions of civil penalty are contained in Section 1317E of the Corporation Act 2001. In case of serious breach of duties the directors may be subjected to financial penalty up to A$200, 000. According to the provisions of section 206C of the Corporation Act 2001, may be suspended from managing a corporation in the future which is for a period up to five years[6]. In such cases the directors may seek an alibi under the provisions of Section 1317G and the court may pardon the breach of duties committed by them[7]. However, it is required that AISC should prove that a serious breach has been committed by the directors in relation to their duties. In Australian Securities Investments Commission [ASIC] v Lindberg[8], it was held that ASIC was successful in obtaining suspension of two years along with a penalty of $100,000 where the directors have violated the provisions of Section 180 (1) of the Corporation Act 2001. In such cases, directors have an opportunity of outside settlement in relation to the penalties that has been prescribed. The ASIC had to prove such cases in the Court. The Commonwealth Bank have suffered huge decline in its share price after a case was filed by AUSTRAC against such organization for money laundering[9]. The organization has been subjected to a potential class of action by the shareholders as a result of such incident. Allegation was brought against the organization by AUSTRAC due to the reason that they have been associated with money laundering operations by terrorist groups and criminals. The CBA was accused to have conducted breaches in relation to the rules of money laundering and counter-terrorism financing. A proceeding of civil penalty has been initiated by the AUSTRAC in the federal court of justice against the Commonwealth Bank for consequences of serious and systemic non-compliance. The Australian community has been subjected to serious and ongoing financial crime as a result of the conduct of the CBA which was provided by the court. However it was provided by the bank that they would not involve in any such illegal activities in the future which would authorize crime of any kind. An issue was brought before the Court of Justice because the bank was unsuccessful to report matters of suspicion in relation to transaction over A$77 million. In this regard, the agency alleged that 53,000 contraventions of anti-laundering laws and counter-terrorism laws are made by the Commonwealth bank particularly to its intelligent deposit machines. A maximum amount of A$18 million can be imposed for the violation of anti-laundering and counter terrorism policies. The banks did not take necessary steps in order to manage and mitigate risks in cases here machines were used for suspected money laundering as stated by the AUSTRAC. The AUSTRAC alleged that four money laundering syndicates utilized the machines which were associated with drug import and distribution network. In order to keep suspicion at bay, the machines had been used by the money laundering syndicates in depositing and transferring cash at low amounts. It was observed that of the money laundering activities involved more than 21m deposited into 11 CBAs which was due to the outcome of intelligent machines[11]. The bank in such case failed to take any action even after repeated warnings by the Australian Federal Police. The Australian Investment and Security Commission are regarded as the corporate masterpiece in Australia whose duty is to keep an eye on the affairs of the government. The regulation of integrated corporate, financial services, markets and consumer credit in Austral ia is regulated by the ASIC. The purpose of ALIC is to promote financial stability in Australia. The vision of the commission since time immemorial was to allow the markets to fund economy and trigger economic growth. In order to promote the level of confidence and trust among consumers and investors, the ASIC has proved to be efficient[12]. Organizations which fail to act in a legal and ethical manner by causing loss to the creditors and investors; ASIC has been successful in bringing action against such organizations. The ASIC has been successful in identifying the violations of law and by seeking order like financial penalties and suspension of directors. It has been observed that the directors of CBA failed to take proper care in relation to the affairs of the company. From the above discussion it is pertinent that the directors of a corporate organization are at the duty to act in relation to the best interest of the company. The provisions of Section 180 (1) of the Corporation Act 2001, provided instruction to the directors of a company to take reasonable care and diligence in relation to their operational activities[13]. In this regard, it can be mentioned that such care and diligence has been evaluated by the appointment of hypothetical person as a director in order to analyze the reasonability of such decision. In this case it can be mentioned that as the company has involved in illegal activities and caused violation of legal provisions and it can be seen that its directors have also violated the provisions of section 180(1) of the Corporation Act 2001. In the given scenario it can be observed that the present role of the AISC to investigate the issue of the matter. This is done with a purpose because the bank failed to comply with a legal du ty of disclosure and has acted with diligence and care according to their operational activities which any responsible director would have done in the given scenario. The organization along with the directors would be subjected to prosecution as a result of the breach of directors duties committed by them[14]. It can be stated that under the provisions of civil penalty the directors may be made personally liable for the payment of financial penalties after being suspended for managing the affairs of the company under the provisions of Section 1317E and 206C of the Corporation Act 2001. Bibliography: 'ASIC To Investigate CBA Over Money-Laundering Scandal' (ABC News, 2018) https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-11/asic-to-investigate-cba/8796542 accessed 6 January 2018. CBA faces 'very large' shareholder action on money laundering. (2018). ABC News. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-23/commonwealth-bank-faces-shareholder-class-action/8833860. CBA will take months to answer money laundering allegations. (2018). ABC News. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-09-04/commonwealth-bank-will-take-months-to-respond-to-austrac/8869706. Knaus, C. (2018). Commonwealth Bank accused of money laundering and terrorism-financing breaches. the Guardian. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/aug/03/commonwealth-bank-accused-of-money-laundering-and-terrorism-financing-breaches. Planning News - Planning In The News (Business Collection) - Informit' (Search.informit.com.au,2018)https://search.informit.com.au/fullText;dn=658413116605352;res=IELBUS accessed 4 January 2018. 'Taking Other People's Money: Development And The Political Economy Of Asian Casinos' (TaylorFrancis,2018)https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09512748.2014.995127 accessed 4 January 2018. [1] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at section 180(1) [2] (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023 [3] 'Big Gambling: The Rise Of The Global Industry-State Gambling Complex' (Taylor Francis, 2018) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/16066359.2014.929118 accessed 4 January 2018. [4] Our role | ASIC - Australian Securities and Investments Commission. (2018). Asic.gov.au. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/what-we-do/our-role/ [5] 'Home, James, And DonT Spare The Horses: The Inevitability Of A Second Sydney Casino' (TaylorFrancis,2018)https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07293682.2017.1319394 accessed 4 January 2018. [6] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at section 206C [7] Corporation Act 2001 (Cth) at section 1317E [8] 2012] VSC 332 [9] Knaus, C. (2018). Commonwealth Bank accused of money laundering and terrorism-financing breaches. the Guardian.Retrieved 3January 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2017/aug/03/commonwealth-bank-accused-of-money-laundering-and-terrorism-financing-breaches [10] CBA will take months to answer money laundering allegations. (2018). ABC News. Retrieved 3 January 2018, fromhttps://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-09-04/commonwealth-bank-will-take-months-to-respond-to-austrac/8869706 [11] CBA faces 'very large' shareholder action on money laundering. (2018). ABC News. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-23/commonwealth-bank-faces-shareholder-class-action/8833860 [12] Taking Other People's Money: Development And The Political Economy Of Asian Casinos' (Taylor Francis,2018) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09512748.2014.995127 accessed 4 January 2018. [13] Planning News - Planning In The News (Business Collection) - Informit' (Search.informit.com.au,2018)https://search.informit.com.au/fullText;dn=658413116605352;res=IELBUS accessed 4 January 2018. [14] ABC News. (2018). ASIC to investigate CBA over money-laundering scandal. [online] Available at: https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-08-11/asic-to-investigate-cba/8796542 [Accessed 4 Jan. 2018]. 'Big Gambling: The Rise Of The Global Industry-State Gambling Complex' (Taylor Francis, 2018) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/16066359.2014.929118 accessed 4 January 2018. ASIC v Cassimatis (No 8) [2016] FCA 1023. Australian Securities Investments Commission [ASIC] v Lindberg [2012] VSC 332. Corporation Act 2001 (Cth). 'Home, James, And DonT Spare The Horses: The Inevitability Of A Second Sydney Casino' (TaylorFrancis,2018)https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07293682.2017.1319394 accessed 4 January 2018. Our role | ASIC - Australian Securities and Investments Commission. (2018). Asic.gov.au. Retrieved 3 January 2018, from https://asic.gov.au/about-asic/what-we-do/our-role/.

How positive impacts outweigh negative effects Essay Example

How positive impacts outweigh negative effects Essay Traveling from one country to another is one big hit. It may seem appealing to ones desire to explore new horizon, a benefit to its cause; however, the effect may be the other way around. I disagree that Global Tourism may more like be harmful than beneficial. For one thing, Global Tourism empowers a low-income country to become globally competitive. There is an abundance in the countrys economy because of the merging infrastructures like hotels and restaurants to accommodate the tourists. As a domino effect, more Jobs are available not only to college graduates but to jobsharers without a degree. Moreover, transportation and entertainment businesses are rampant to vacationers who wish to see all the top destinations and leisure activities in a particular place. Lastly, this is a green industry, where most scenic places are maintained to preserve its natural environment. This Industry does not only benefit the people but mother earth as well. Albeit, Global tourism poses disadvantages to people in some ways. There Is a greater chance of a permanent loss of traditional culture if locals change ones lifestyle Just so that tourists can better understand them. For Instance, locals learn to speak English fluently, daydreaming ones own, to prevent barrier communication. In addition, vacationers who bring expensive luggages or gadgets are prospect targets of theft, thus crime increases In number. We will write a custom essay sample on How positive impacts outweigh negative effects specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How positive impacts outweigh negative effects specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How positive impacts outweigh negative effects specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Moreover, these foreigners can also steal things or even Ideas from the country. Some foreigners recycle an Idea and produce It as If It Is their own. From my point of view, the positive effects of Global Tourism far outweigh Its detrimental Impacts. Countries make the most of one another, as well as both natives and foreigners. The future of global tourism Is a promising one that the government may need to devise policies In order to prevent Its negative effects.

On the Road essays

On the Road essays World War II marked a wide dividing line between the old and the new in American society and the nations literature(The World Book Encyclopedia 427) . When world War II ended there was a pent up desire that had been postponed due to the war. Post war America brought about a time when it seemed that every young man was doing the same thing, getting a job, settling down and starting a family. America was becoming a nation of consumers. One group that was against conforming to this dull American lifestyle was referred to as Beatniks. The Beats or Beatniks condemned middle class American life as morally bankrupt. They praised individualism as the highest human goal(The World Book Encyclopedia 428). This perspective was present in poetry and literature through out the beat movement. One of the most important works produced during the beat movement was Jack Kerouacs On The Road. In the novel Jack Kerouacs alter ego Sal Paradise represents the American man who realizes he doesnt want to co nform to societies pressures but still hasnt realized what it is exactly he wants to do. He is a man who has very little direction and is very much lost in the world as he knows it. Kerouac seems to be constantly trying to escape. In examining the novel one might wonder what is Kerouac escaping and by what means does he do so? Kerouac used two means of escape through out the novel and through out his life. His first means of escape was his constant travel. He traveled from east to west, New York to San Francisco and stopped everywhere in between. He made this trip over and over, constantly on the road. The simple title of the novel exemplifies Kerouacs ongoing need to travel. When he and his friends got tried of traveling east to west they traveled north to south, driving all the way down to Mexico City. His travels gave him the opportunity to be an outsider with no worries. He was abl...

Sexual Harrassment within the workplace Research Paper

Sexual Harrassment within the workplace - Research Paper Example Hostile Work Environment Sexual Harassment is subjecting the victim to hostile conditions which directly target the victim’s sexuality, making the victim unable to work properly. Another point that this paper discusses is the legislation against sexual harassment. Sexual harassment claims have been given more attention after the high profile case of Anita Hill against her former employer, Clarence Thomas. Hill’s courage in exposing Thomas is one great example of a strategy to dissuade perpetrators of sexual harassment from carrying on with their malicious behaviour towards their co-workers. Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: A Growing Controversy The workplace is one environment where people from different backgrounds come together for a common purpose which is to achieve the goals of the company through the various work tasks delegated to each employee. Various kinds of human interactions happen here. Although mostly professional, workers likewise engage in more perso nal interactions in order to create a healthy balance. However, for some workers, personal and professional interactions may be blurred either deliberately or not. In some cases, employees may be embroiled in interactions that are uncomfortable for them. These interactions may be sexual in nature, and point to issues of sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is a growing controversial issue in the workplace that needs to be dealt with and eliminated in order to maintain a positive work environment where harmonious relationships and high productivity should prevail. Definition of Sexual Harassment According to the guidelines of sexual harassment from Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it consists â€Å"unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favours and other verbal or physical conducts of a sexual nature to another employee against his or her wishes†. The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), adds that sexual harassment occurs "when submission to o r rejection of this conduct explicitly or implicitly affects an individual's employment, unreasonably interferes with an individual's work performance or creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive work environment." The term â€Å"unwelcome† in the definition of sexual harassment gives rise to a lot of confusion because it may be subjective. However, it is important to understand how the unwelcome behaviour makes the other person feel to determine if it is really sexual harassment. In other words, what may be considered a harassing behaviour to one person may be simple social interaction to another. The line between work and social interaction in the workplace can easily be blurred. And that makes monitoring harassment all the more difficult. Schultz (2003) commented that in the book of The Bureau of National Affairs, sexual harassment definition includes, but is not limited to, "sexual innuendoes, sexual propositions, jokes of a sexual nature, sexually suggestive cartoons , suggestive or insulting sounds, leers, sexually related whistles, and obscene gestures. In addition, pinching, brushing against another person's body, and subtle pressure for sexual favours is considered harassment." The discussion section notes that "different people have different ideas as to what constitutes sexual harassment" and warns that the following acts may be considered harass

Irish community of new york city Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Irish community of new york city - Essay Example The Irish community in New York is regarded among the active and most thriving population ion the multicultural city of New York. They engage in various activities that are economic oriented. They have their own Irish civic organization that are scattered throughout New York City. The organization has seen spread through from the friendly sons of St. Patrick to the New York major society. Most writers from the Irish communities stage most of the theatre companies in New York. In addition to this, their hardworking presence is also noted in their musicians. They hardly go a loss for a place to offer their performance.The Irish people are hardworking in almost every activity that they do. Not surprisingly, Irish populations living in New York have lower poverty rates compared to Americans as a whole. The households that are held by Americans of Irish descent have median incomes that are higher the Americans households. On average, Irish-American household is believed to be earning $56, 363 compared to the Native American household earning $50,046. Approximately six percent of the Irish Americans are thought to have incomes at the poverty level, compared to the general Americans who have a poverty level reaching eleven percent. Over the period of 19th century, the Irish gangs had terrorized the streets of New York. The gangs were fighting for the right of existence of the Irish population in New York City. Today, the incidents of the Irish gangs are unheard of, and the gangs do no longer exist along the streets of New York.

What is coaching? learning specific skills

What is coaching? learning specific skills Coaching is about learning specific skills, to improve performance or to prepare for advancement. To an outsider, coaching situations may look similar. All are based on an ongoing, confidential, one-on-one relationship between coach and learner. Yet each teaching situation can be quite diverse and some of these distinctions are important to recognise, if only to foster informed choice by everyone involved. Therefore this essay defines and explores key distinguishing features amongst coaching. Furthermore taking account of these factors, this essay will discuss and suggests different coaching roles. Any instructional strategy should be based on learning theory because without an understanding of how athletes learn, one cannot expect to achieve intended learning goals (Griffin et al, 2005). The use of student and athlete has been used interchangeable throughout this essay to reflect its meaning. So focusing on this I will look from a behaviourist perspective on how people learn best an d what certain influences can facilitate learning, by briefly discussing the place of feedback will identify influential factors this can make to a pupils education and overall learning experience. Watkins and Mortimer define pedagogy as ‘any conscious activity by one person designed to enhance learning in another (1999; 3). With coaching being recently reconceptualised as a pedagogy (Cassidy et al., 2004), it is imperative for a coach/teachers to ensure learners are facilitating in their learning, so rather than just teaching a certain skill, they also teach when this skill should be used. By being a coach, in other words, implies being a ‘certain kind of teacher (Hacking, 1986; Gee, 2001), but exactly what such being entails remains covered in uncertainty (Richardson, 2002). The role for the coach or teacher has been very directive, instructional or prescriptive (Cassidy et al. 2004, Kidman, 2001). For instance, the coach or teacher deciding when and how athletes/students should perform specified skills or movements. This has led to the coach being regarded as the sole source of knowledge, transmitting this in a unidirectional way with learners having a passive ro le in the learning process (Potrac and Cassidy 2006). Furthermore, this occupies a position of centrality and influence in the sporting environment (Cushion et al. 2006, Smith and Smoll 2007). Therefore, Lyles (2002) research suggests there is a strong belief that the quality of coaching is one of the most important environmental factors in determining performance improvement with success. Signifying not only the behaviour of the coach being an influential socialising agent but might also impact on performance, learning, and a range of many other psycho-social outcomes. Coaches and teachers can be implicitly or explicitly, by their beliefs about learning. By practicing and behaving according to their own beliefs, directly impacting on how the coachs role is perceived and enacted within the coaching process, such as tradition of the sport taught, socialisation experiences etc. Research suggests knowledge and practice, remains largely based on experiences and the interpretation of those experiences (Cushion, Armour, and Jones 2003; Cushion 2006; Gilbert and Trudel 2006). This however, is regardless of the implementation and availability of education programmes and courses. Furthermore, Douge and Hastie (1993) believe that the accumulating years of involvement doesnt necessarily guarantee that an agent will become an effective coach. Chelladurai also expands suggests that â€Å"future research could focus on generating items based on the experiences and insights of both coaches and athletes† (1990; 340). Indicating that there is no single behavi our, role or approach that is either a defining or essential component to an athletes/students centeredness (Popkewitz, 1998; Cain, 1989). In fact, the amount that a coach feels compelled to act in a single way; the more likely they are to impose limits on their athletes because their own behaviour is constrained (Daniels 2001, Cain 1989) not only implementing interventions but could interfere with coaching preparations. There are many different ‘building blocks which aid coaches in the effectiveness of their coaching and improve their coaching practice, although there are a number of reflective cycles to assist coaches, Gibbs (1988) offers a model of coaching effectiveness ideal for the beginner coach involving the following six elements: 1) Description Describe as a matter of fact just what happened during your critical incident or chosen episode for reflection. 2) Feelings What were you thinking and feeling at the time? 3) Evaluation List points or tell the story about what was GOOD and what was BAD about the experience. 4) Analysis What sense can you make out of the situation. What does it mean? 5) Conclusion What else could you have done? What should you perhaps not have done? 6) Action Plan If it arose again, what would you do differently? How will you adapt your practice in the light of this new understanding? This framework is an ideal excellent starting point for coaches/teachers in their investigations of the coaching process itself, not only this but Bandura states People not only gain understanding through reflection, they evaluate and alter their own thinking (1986; 62) enticing coaches to un-earth their theory in use, inevitably extending learning in both coach and athletes. Paradoxically focusing on this, coaches and teachers have varied roles to consider, whereby they can aid the need for the following specific knowledge and skills: Interpersonal skills. Communicating and establishing trusting relationships with whom they are trying to change their practices. Coaches must be able to observe accurately and provide appropriate feedback. Content knowledge. Having an understanding of their subject matter, this includes how knowledge of a discipline is developed through curricula and learning materials. Experience with others coaches at the different level indicates that a certain level of content-area expertise is necessary to be a subject area coach. However, expertise also may create tension when coaches are labelled experts. Most important is for a coach to establish a collaborative, reflective relationship. Pedagogical knowledge. To lead, coaches need to understand how students and athletes learn, including knowledge of the tasks, questioning strategies, and structures that can help students/athletes develop their own ideas. Knowledge of the curriculum. Familiarity with the structures and experiences offered by a curriculum is important, including understanding the fundamental ideas behind a curriculum and how those ideas connect across different ability levels. Awareness of coaching resources. Aware of specific knowledge of professional development materials, literature, and resources that can be used to support development of subject or pedagogical knowledge and better understanding how to teach. Knowledge of the practice of coaching. Coaching strategies and structures, such as how to use pre and post observations or on-the-spot coaching; the role of questioning and effective strategies; how to use resources of teaching practice (curriculum materials, student work, scripts of classroom dialogue, etc.); and the pros and cons of demonstration lessons and coaching sessions. All specify a requirement of the coach/teacher, however, athletes have been shown to have different preferences and different responses to coach behaviour (Reiman, 2007) and in complex social and interpersonal settings, individual differences are sure to play an important role (Smith and Smoll, 2007). However, not all people are the same, nor are circumstances and contexts, and consequently a one size fits all approach will not work for all learners and in all situations (Amorose, 2007). Moreover, Jonassen (1999; 235) suggests possible ideas â€Å"by starting the learners with the tasks they know how to perform and gradually add task difficulty until they are able to perform† therefore facilitates learning in both coach and learner encouraging decision making roles. There are four components which influence: the coach, the athlete, knowledge and the learning environment. Focusing on these statements further and the literature researched indicate many influential factors one in particular being feedback which the following section discusses. Indeed, all coaching is based upon some theory about how we learn with behaviourism strongly informs coaching, resulting in an instructional approach that emphasises the use of feedback and rewarding behaviour. Feedback from coaches is an essential aspect of learning. Whereby coaches use feedback to encourage pupils to respond to their own learning by discovering where they are now in relation to where they would like to be, and to determine how to do better next time (Hargreaves, 2005). Fundamentally feedback can be used as a tool to support and enhance learning (Ofsted, 2008) in both education and coaching practice. More recently, it has become the source of heated debates and has seen a dramatic increase in the amount of literature relating to feedback and in particular operant conditioning approach (Skinner, 1958) which is based on the well established principles of individual learning that behaviour is a function of its consequences. Although some citations are dated in this section however; it is still relevant today as there are many expectations and implications which are placed on coaches and teachers to provide meaningful support and feedback to enhance learning. Its believed by Smoll and Smith (1989) that coaches must have extensive task knowledge so that they can issue proper instruction about desired behaviours and reinforce individuals when they do well. However, findings by Komaki et al (1989) illustrate the need for consistency in verbal reinforcement and feedback to initiate an increase in the frequency of desirable behaviours and decrease the frequency of undesirable behaviours. Thus, according to Mayer (1983) can elaborate and expand on learners knowledge, building on existing cognitive schema (Mayer, 1983), this can be reinforced by way of feedback. There are, however further expectations placed on teachers. Piagets work is concerned with the expansion of knowledge and understanding, with ways in which new information is dealt with by learners. However, Pritchard (2009) has identified concern in the amount of time coaches have available to give sufficient feedback, more so with coaching and teaching in groups rather than one on one. Although Boud (1999) suggests that when pupils take responsibility of their own learning this will allow them to deepen their understanding.   Not only does insufficient time have implications but a message (feedback) can also have the potential to be misinterpreted. It is generally accepted that certain feedback might be taken personally by pupils, and lead to defensiveness and loss in confidence. ‘We judge too much and too powerfully, not realising the extent to which pupils experience our power over them (Boud, 1999; 43). Self-esteem, it is believed, is affected by receiving negative or unexpected feedback. Research by Young (2000) suggests, however, considerations should be made from the opposite perspective: it is the students level of self-esteem that affects the messages they receive—both positive and negative. Those with low self-esteem tend to view all feedback as a judgement of ability, whilst those with high self-esteem do not. Indicating certain implications which could severe interpersonal problems Certainly, teachers and coaches if they are truly person centered should be continually open to learning and how their athletes/students learn and achieve effectively as shown throughout this essay, however there are so many areas and this essay has only covered a few. It might be valuable that by creating the best possible atmosphere for learning and performance, coaches and teachers can and would be less concerned about a certain coaching style or behaviour and more concerned about whether whatever they do impairs or facilitates learning. In this sense, receptivity, flexibility and differentiated responses in coaches and teachers are likely to maximize the outcome (Cain, 1989). In reality, the teacher or coach has a role to play in identifying and addressing certain problems and assisting, deconstruct knowledge relating to aspects of sporting performance (Potrac and Cassidy, 2006). Finally, this then provides the learner with the personal and informational resources for learning (C ain 1989), giving a unique opportunity to make significant changes in a person life. The purpose of this paper is to provide a reflection and example of such a structured session using an approach whereby learners work out solutions to tactical problems themselves with the coach facilitating their learning. In the UK there are thousands of individuals who are qualified coaches because of the availability of coaching courses. However, research into coaching have shown that coaching courses only act as a starting point, with coaches in Jones et al.s (2004) review points to the fact that the immensity of learning actually occurs through experience. Thus this alone does not guarantee capability this is elaborated in these words: ‘It is not enough just to do, and neither is it enough just to think †¦ Learning from experience must involve linking the doing and the thinking Gibbs (1988; 9). The process of reflection is linked between doing and thinking (Martens, 1997; Gibbs, 1988) moreover, Bandura believes People not only gain understanding through reflection, they evaluate and alter their own thinking (1986; 62). Reflection has its origins in Schà ¶ns (1983) work, where he defined a reflective conversation as the following cycle: appreciation; experimentation and evaluation. Later, other reflective models were put forward. Johns (1995) model consists of 26 questions that the coach must ask themselves, whereas Gibbs (1988) model consists of six. This reflection will use the Gibbs model to reflect upon a situation that arose during one of my coaching practices. The basis for this is because its uncomplicated and allows a beginner coach like myself to follow, whereas Johns tends to be more complex decision-making (Johns, 1995). Before moving on to the process of reflection, its important to note that this paper will take a pedagogical approach. Watkins and Mortimer describe pedagogy as ‘any conscious activity by one person designed to improve learning in another (1999; 3). With coaching being recently reconceptualised as a pedagogy (Cassidy et al., 2004), it is important for coaches to ensure learners are facilitating in their learning, so rather than just coaching a certain method, they also teach when this skill should be applied. Therefore, I will reflect upon a coaching experience of my own, using Gibbs (1988) model, to access whether learners were given the possibility to progress in their learning. Description I decided to coach a basketball session, focusing on shooting techniques and positioning. The games for understanding (TGfU) approach (Bunker and Thorpe, 1982) was used opposed to the more traditional coaching/teaching model. Teachers in the traditional model teach skills first and tactics later. As Light and Fawns (2003) have articulated, ‘knowing the game is to play it and demonstrate knowledge-in-action (Schà ¶n , 1983). Advocates of the TGfU model endorse tactics first, while skills are introduced afterwards (Bradley, 2004; Turner et al, 2001). So basically, what to do comes before how to do it. A mini game was introduced at the beginning of the session along with a brief explanation of certain rules required to give shape to the game and determine the variety of tactics and skills required for a successful performance. The session was going well with players participating with enthusiasm by contributing to certain questions then furthering their decisions. However, after a while I ran out of certain ideas for further progressions. Feelings Having sensed with apprehension that some learners were getting uninterested and even slowed down and eventually stopped playing. Research has suggested this is because players can lack challenges and so therefore their intrinsic motivation to participate decreases (Ryan Deci, 2000). Conversely feeling the pressure to make a change or how to put in challenges to be successful in their performance, dismay started to set in as I didnt have a further plan. Evaluation The TGfU approach was effective in increasing enthusiasm because it was fun. This was backed up by Griffin et al (1995) who said that the TGfU approach may be more enjoyable for players than traditional technique drills; are, and so theyre more motivated to participate. Also, by probing the players to answer questions about faults in their technique, I was also facilitating the development of players critical thinking and decision-making skills; two important cognitive skills (Kirk and MacPhail, 2002). However, when the session started to become less interesting I was unable to make certain changes due to a lack of experience of different activities. There was also concerned in stopping and re-starting the game as research also suggested that learners feel this interrupt the flow of the game (Lieberman, 2008). Analysis Id realised that in the early stages learners were going through a learning process. The game allowed them to obtain physical skills and techniques, whilst the questions and communication with peers facilitated their cognitive development (Kirk MacPhail, 2002). However, being unable to enforce new activities the learners learning process began to even out. This is believed to be because of a lack of challenge denting their motivation to continue (Ryan Deci, 2000), thus decreasing or stopping participation would further the opportunity to learn. Conclusion I felt I had developed well through this session but was always looking at ways to improve through listening, reading and reflection. Thinking over my lesson, Id realised that there were certain ‘blind spots in my coaching.   Although the tasks enabled the players to learn, success by progressing further questioning enabled decision-making skills and communicating with each other to solve meticulous problems. Therefore, incorporating a cognitive based learning approach; where learners were required to solve realistic problems (Dolmans et al., 2005). In relation, structured scenarios where players would need to decide whether it was best to shoot, which pass to use and dribbling techniques and enticing communication amongst their team to score or win. It was also vital that learners understood why they were carrying out and practising certain drills. If players understand why they were doing something, their motivation to change their practice in order to improve their skills and team play could then be improved. Therefore encouraging players to question and communicate the varying drills and by asking what it is going to be useful; for what reason. Action Plan Games have an essential cognitive dimension that has been to some extent limited by the traditional coaching/teaching model (Light, 2002; Light and Fawns, 2001). The TGfU approach utilises open ended questioning however it is believed to be more time-consuming in the early stages and errors are likely to be a plenty (Kroll, 2004; Prawat, 1992) but giving learners greater ownership of decision-making process would enable them to think for themselves in a game that is largely based on making appropriate decisions. Therefore, when planning future sessions I will account for various problems that may arise and the activities that Ill put into practice to solve them (e.g. how and when to modify the games, when to stop play and question, when to bring players out of the game for individual questioning etc.) Finally the issue being the use of open ended questioning with learners. Such questioning would also enable students to make a cognitive leap, particularly when teaching invasion game s trategies (Butler, 1997). To conclude, the process of reflection has allowed me to notice that my session had both positive and negative aspects. The positive aspect was that the TGfU approach was effective and enjoyable (Griffin et al., 1995), but the negative aspect was after a while, my session became tedious. Gibbs (1988) model also made me question why certain things happened, with me putting this down to challenges for the learners. Finally, Gibbs model really assisted me in thinking what I could do in the future. After reading Schempp et al.s (2006) literature on certain planning, I realise that I could create certain plans for the different problems that can arise during teaching.

Angela Merkel

Tiffany Prill Challenges of Leadership Leadership Book Analysis Modern World Leaders- Angela Merkel The person chosen for this leadership report is Angela Merkel. I read â€Å"Modern World Leaders-Angela Merkel† written by Clifford W. Mills. Being born in Berlin, with my pride in being German, as well as being a female with my own leadership ambitions, I felt Angela Merkel was a perfect fit for me. Gaining knowledge on the leadership style from one of the most powerful and influential women in the world, while also learning the values and beliefs my country is grounded on, I find Angela Merkel to be extremely interesting leader to study.Angela Merkel (born Angela Dorothea Kasner), was born in Hamburg, Germany on July 17, 1954. Angela was raised in East Germany where she later received Associates degree in 1973. Shortly after, she enrolled to the Karl Marx University where she later met and married Ulrich Merkel. She graduates with a bachelor and continues onto her PhD in Scien ce at the Central institute for Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences in Berlin. By 1986 she received her PhD which is also the same year she goes back to West Germany for the first time since she was baby.It was the many years in West Germany, full of communism and hardships, that taught Merkel how strong and powerful government could be. Merkel was determined to use power to serve the people not use it to control them. Rather than telling them what they wanted hear, she told them what to do to solve the political problem. A scholarly physicist with little to no interest in politics rose to the top of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) known as a conservative, male oriented, traditional political party. I believe the keys to her success include things such as her upbringing along with her passion and ambition.Raised by a minister in communist East Germany, Merkel had an upbringing like no other. A place where the economy was shattered- where resources and goods where lack ing. Merkel and her family were always being watched upon by the Statsi. The Statsi was a security intelligence network that consisted of 100,000 full time employees with 300,000 informants recruited to spy on the citizens who might be subversive. Within this environment Merkel learned to keep her real thoughts to herself and keep her private and political world separate in fear of the Statsi.Ambition is an understatement. The fall of the Berlin Wall was the biggest eye opener and life changing event in Merkels life; going from someone who took no particular interest in politics to fighting for freedom and rights, almost over night. The day after Merkel was sworn in as chancellor Merkel wasted no time and made trips around the world meeting up with leaders in hopes to form alliances. Her first stop was Paris where she met with President Jacques Chirac where her goal was to emphasize the importance of their relationship.Next she met with security general Jaap de Hoop of the NATO. The NATO was a alliance between 26 countries where the attack on one country leads to the attack on all countries. Merkel knew how important this alliance was to Germany. Merkel returned home to meet the President of Pohomba of Namibia only to leave soon after to the United States to meet President Bush. Merkel was admired her never ending, ambitious, networking. â€Å"She put her loyalty to truth ahead of loyalty to the party†- Merkel’s put honesty and truth on the top of her values.When German chancellor Helmut Kohl admitted his guilt to receiving illegal claim contributions, Merkel was not scared to condemn Kohl in a public newsletter. Her mentor, the man who started Merkel in politics- in her eyes was now the man who betrayed a trust and should no longer be leader. Her honesty is the way Merkel got people to follow her as a leader. Although some felt she had stabbed Kohl in the back, many Germans praised her honesty. She had proven to the people that truth matters and that she stands behind it.Another time that Merkel wasn’t scared to stand her ground and simply standing up for what’s ethically right was back in high school. In Germany teachers quiet strict and at one point she had a teacher that would punish the entire class if a presentation differed even slightly from what the teacher told them to do. Deep down inside Merkel knew that the students put in extreme effort into the presentations and that this matter was so serious that the students could all be expelled from school. After explaining the situation to her parents, Merkel wrote a petition which she also presented to some GDR officials.Merkels class was saved; the teacher was later disciplined. I characterize her leadership style as one that is based on ethics and morals while also being very direct. She is both task oriented as well as relationship oriented. Merkel focuses on the business task at hand while putting great emphasis relationships and networking†¦ â⠂¬Å"I don’t think it make sense to go round and round in circles arguing about this crisis. We have to manage it instead. But that’s something we can only do together with our neighbors, our partners, the big ones and the small ones.I think Germany is destined, partly as a result of its geographic position, to be a mediator and balancing factor. † From this statement I feel as though Merkel is very direct and to the point- there is no point in arguing, let’s do something about it. At the same time Merkel puts emphasis on leader-member relations. Previous chancellor Schroeder was known for his extravagant sleigh rides with Russian President Putin along with an unwillingness to push Putin on difficult issues. Merkel wasn’t taking sleigh rides; she was making a dissimilar statementBased on her position Merkel has legitimate power and usually uses rational persuasion. She has the ability to influence others using something of value giving her reward pow er. Merkels degree in science gives her expert power and over the years has gained connection power through never ending networking and reciprocity. â€Å"I am, I think, courageous at the decisive moment. But I need a good deal of start-up time, and I try to take as much as possible into consideration beforehand. † Merkel puts a great deal of time studying an issue and pays close attention to detail when making a decision.When looking at a political issue, she looks at all sides and tries to understand it logically. Merkel does not go by â€Å"hunches† but finds out what others think (especially exerts). She studies an issue very carefully and does not make â€Å"right off the back† decisions. While some might of looked at it as inexperienced, Merkels courage stood out at the 2006 G8- Summit. The G8 Summit includes leaders from France, Canada, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, United Kingdom and the United States, that year taking place in Russia. One thing that wa s not â€Å"appropriate† during the G8 Summit was to criticize the host.Not only did Merkel question Russia on their electoral system claiming its shortcomings, she also vocalized that she did not want the natural gas from Russia to get disrupted again; she needed energy security for Europe to be assured and secured. Merkel had made headlines and made her mark. Merkel has not groomed a successor but is the successor of Gerhard Schroder. Schroeder was more of a Democrat while Merkel is a Republican. She is an anticommunist that wants there to be a bigger role for private business and less role of the government.Schroeder believed that the government had to be a regulator in businesses and that small changes to policy would bring Germanys level of competiveness up. Compared to her predecessor, Merkel felt government needed to get out of the way of business and that taxes should be simplified possibly with a flat rate. In order to decrease Germanys booming deficit, Schroeder cut social security payments an unemployment benefits. Merkel on the other hand found that increasing the VAT (value added tax) from 16%-18% was more successful.Another major difference between the two was their views on the war. While Schroeder was against the war, he allied himself with France and criticized the Bush administration. Merkel found the war to be dignified and correct- growing up in a country without freedom she knew exactly how precious it was. She explained Germany needed to stop bashing America and that her administration will have friendlier relations with America. A portrait of German princess born Sophie Augusta Fredrika, (later known as Russian empress Catherine the Great) hangs on the wall in Merkels office.Sophie married the 17-year-old grandson of Peter the Great and was crowned Catherine II. Catherine was the longest ruling and most renowned female leader of Russia. The Catherinian Era was sometimes referred to as the Golden Era as she extended Russian territo ry and reorganized law administration. Catherine led Russia into full participation in the cultural and political life of Europe. In September 2006 Merkel topped the â€Å"World’s Most Powerful Woman† list by Forbes Magazine. Analysts claim her strength was her â€Å"unassuming and tireless networking†.Leaders around the world such as Jacques Chirac, Tony Blair, and Vladimir Putin were all impressed by Merkel winning the admiration of people worldwide. Other awards received by Merkel include: * Vision for Europe award 2006 * Recognition of â€Å"Dama de Gran Croce Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italian† by Italian president 2006 * Honorary doctorate from Hebrew University of Jerusalem 2007 * Chalemagne Prize 2008 * Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany 2008 * Honorary doctorate from University of Technology in Wrolaw (Poland) 2008 * â€Å" â€Å" from University of Cluj-Napoca (Romania) Jawaharlal Nehra Award (India) 20 09 * Forbes most powerful women 5 years in a row This assignment has enabled me to see leadership traits and values from the perspective of one of the most powerful and successful women in the World. A political record breaker, who has marked her spot in history by moving Germany out of the recession. I was aware that Angela Merkel was the Chancellor of Germany but I didn’t know what motivated her and the type of person she is and how she leads her country.Her motivation and drives comes from the democratic and controlled life she lived in East Germany giving her the determination of providing German citizens a less controlled, free, and happy life. She grounds her decisions on principal and logic and leads in a direct, assertive manner. Although Merkel dominates German politics I view her more as a leader than a politician. Leaders care about the people they serve while politicians usually care about themselves and their party. APA Style Citations Angela Merkel: The Most Pow erful Woman In The World – People – Stylist Magazine. n. d. ). Stylist. co. uk homepage – Stylist Magazine. Retrieved March 11, 2013, from http://www. stylist. co. uk/people/angela-merkel#image-rotator-1 Mills, C. (2008). Angela Merkel. New York: Chelsea House Reddy, V. (n. d. ). German Legend Angela Merkel's Success story – Posdcorb. Posdcorb. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www. vamsinathmba. com/2012/08/german-lezand-angela-merkels-success. html Smitha, F. E. (n. d. ). Catherine the Great, Russian Empress. MacroHistory : World History. Retrieved March 12, 2013, from http://www. fsmitha. com/h3/h31-gr6c. htm